High Blood Pressure In Children
A diagnosis of hypertension is made only when a person has at
least three separate readings performed one to several weeks apart.
While the condition is most common among adults, children can have
high blood pressure too, even as infants. In fact, since the early
2000s there has been an alarming rate of increase among kids and
adolescents.
Researchers found a trend of high blood pressure in
children ages eight to 17 years who were overweight or obese. As kids
grow, their blood pressure increases from a systolic pressure of about
70-90 in an infant to adult values in a teenager. Among young kids,
the "normal" range will depend on the child's gender, age, and height;
your child's doctor will be able to compare your child's blood
pressure with national norms. As the condition usually does not
display any symptoms, diagnosing it in kids especially can be tricky.
Juvenile hypertension is defined as a blood pressure greater than
the 95th percentile for their age, height, and gender. In other words,
95% of kids of the same age, height, and gender will have blood
pressure below this number. Although the severe form of the condition
is rare in kids, even mild to moderate hypertension over time, if not
treated, can cause damage to the heart, kidneys, and blood vessels.
Stressful situations can elevate the blood pressure. When the stress
level goes down, the pressure returns to normal. These temporary
increases in blood pressure are not considered hypertension.
A diagnosis of hypertension is made only when a person has multiple
high blood pressure readings over a period of time. In children, blood
pressure normally rises during growth and maturation, and varies
greatly during adolescence.
Physical activity and changes in position can temporarily raise
blood pressure. An increase in body weight will also cause a rise in
tension. It tends to develop about 10 years after a young person
becomes overweight. It is highly recommended that children, who either
have the condition or are predisposed to contracting it, quit smoking
or never start. The use of tobacco can develop into long-term
associated heart problems.
Kids with severe hypertension should not participate in weight- and
power-lifting, bodybuilding, or strength training until their blood
pressure is under control and a doctor OKs it.
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